In a multi-project environment, individual employees often work in changing functions. In this case, project roles and tasks change constantly. Furthermore, not all individuals are always familiar with all roles and responsibilities. That is why it is important to clarify roles and responsibilities before the project starts. In the chapters below, you will learn how to create maximum transparency as part of a role clarification workshop:
Let us start.
As a rule, project roles are clearly defined within organizations: for instance, there will be a project manager, a Scrum Master or a development team. Based on the name of the role in the project, the tasks and responsibilities are also clear. So everything should work – at least in theory.
In practice, it is a little different in most cases. Experience has shown that the areas of responsibility of the participants are as individual as the individual projects. Thus, disagreements can arise quickly regarding the goal and expectations people have regarding their function / position / role.
Another problem: Especially with larger projects, several different roles of various companies or customers tend to collide. At this point, at the latest, conflicts will arise – either in terms of agreements, allocation of tasks or communication. In most cases, the usual role definitions are unlikely to get you further.
Clarifying roles matters, as each role requires different resource planning software.
Therefore, create clarity for everyone right at the beginning of the project – everyone should know: what are my expectations of colleagues in the role of XYZ?
Example: You may have a profile on a social network, such as LinkedIn or Facebook. In this case, you will also be familiar with the brief description used to provide information about one’s job. It may be possible to give a rough outline of your profession, but your area of responsibility is certain to differ from people with the same job description. You may have certain expectations of a team member at the start of a project of which you are unaware.
Our tip: No matter which role you are in, never “just assume something.” Always check everything carefully before the project starts and ask specific questions if anything is unclear.
The workshop to clarify roles in the team at the start of the project should have the following outcome:
In addition, other goals could be:
Our tip: Always bear the following core questions in mind: who does what, and what expectations do others have of me?
If the collaboration in your team is not working and conflicts, escalations and complaints are commonplace, a role clarification workshop can help you. Ideally, you would hold it right at the beginning of the collaboration in the new team. In case individual team members change, the workshop is also advisable.
Another helpful workshop at the beginning of a project is the Kick-Off Workshop.
You already know that it is best to organize a role clarification workshop at the very beginning of a project. So it is important to start planning in good time.
Depending on the number of participants, you should plan 90 minutes for the session. The time can also vary based on the initial situation and size of the project. Moreover, plan for several stages, especially if you are carrying out the role clarification virtually.
Now, you also need a suitable location which has room for all participants. Then, equipped with a flip chart and a presentation case, you can get started.
You can either organize a role clarification workshop on your own, or you can call on professional external support. You will find more information on this at the end of the article.
The key is whether someone on your team could take on the role of the facilitator. Learn more about their role and task in the next section.
In the joint meetings, the facilitator definitely takes on the most important task. He or she must succeed in building trust within the group so that people will gradually open up. In a moment, you will learn more about why an honest exchange within the team is the basis for successful role clarification.
Often, the project manager is the most suitable person to take on the facilitation due to their experience in the field. Depending on the assignment, the team and the project, you can also fill the role with an internal or external expert. This must be decided individually, subject to the project, especially when there are conflicts or the project manager is also involved in the project as an expert. However, a certain amount of experience in the area of facilitation is indispensable.
In addition, the person must have an understanding of how a project team interacts and what the challenges are. In individual and group talks, trust can be built gradually. This lays the foundation for all other points.
In this article, we follow the classic example in which two workshop sessions take place at the beginning of the project.
In the run-up to the workshop, you should define who will be the facilitator and what the goal of the workshop should be. The workshop should definitely be pre-announced. Do not forget to briefly explain why the joint session takes place.
This is what your agenda could look like:
In the first part of the workshop, the responsibilities and roles in the project will be determined. The point is to learn the position and areas of responsibility of each team member in the planned project. Everyone will introduce themselves to the group briefly with a few sentences. The facilitator takes down the information for all to see (e.g., on a flip chart).
This is when you will begin to see the first interfaces among several people. Where do you see overlaps? Are there instances in which it is not quite clear who is involved and how? Or are there remaining areas unassigned to anybody?
The facilitator now has to create transparency – this will take until all questions and ambiguities regarding their role, interfaces and tasks have been resolved for all participants. All items of the discussions are visually recorded by the facilitator for everyone.
Use the following questions as a guide during the first part of the workshop to clarify roles:
Our tip: If items are unclear, always ask for clarification. The goal of the workshop is to completely remove all ambiguities.
In the second workshop session, you clarify the expectations and rules of the game. First, it is worth taking a look at the common interfaces which were identified in the previous meeting. Problems in project management usually arise because the cogs do not mesh together perfectly. Now is the time to resolve the following questions:
Our tip: No question is too banal. Take this proverb to heart: “better to ask the way than go astray.”
Summarize the results at the end of the role clarification workshop. Do not forget to send them to all participants by e-mail.
The task of the facilitator is to first identify all roles in the project on a theoretical level. Despite this, there may still be friction at the beginning of a project. This will need to be resolved in personal and group discussions.
In the workshops, it should become clear to everyone thanks to concrete examples what the practical implementation will look like.
Our tip: Ask the facilitator specific questions: “what does that mean precisely?”
It may be that one or two do not want to admit that tasks are not clear, support is needed or even skills are insufficient. For optimal role clarification, however, transparency is key.
Therefore, build trust in the team from the start by giving every person the space to ask questions and get answers without prejudice. Building an honest relationship with each other is bound to take longer than two workshop sessions. All the more because it is not uncommon for people to meet here who are complete strangers to each other. Yet, the role clarification workshop can provide the basis on which you can build further.
A role clarification workshop can help you remove conflicts and improve coordination among your team. Especially at the beginning of a new project, it creates clarity and transparency regarding the role of each individual and thus removes troublesome obstacles.
| Subject area | Questions to address |
|---|---|
| One’s own role |
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| Other people’s roles |
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| Interfaces & collaboration |
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| Expectations & rules of the game |
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| Practical implementation & transparency |
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As the author originally wrote this article in German, the reference material listed below is also in this language. We would also like to draw your attention to TPG’s German-language podcast episode on the same topic.
Angelika Collisi also has her own English-language blog.
Would you like to deepen your knowledge and ask questions? Get in touch with guest author Angelika Collisi via office@pampiloxa.com.
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